How to build CNC automation for machine tools?

Release time:

2022-12-30 15:07

The economic growth industry is in a golden age, full of business. Due to the continuous progress of machine tools and technology, machine tool transformation is an "eternal" topic. China's machine tool transformation industry has also entered a new industry dominated by numerical control technology from an old industry. In the United States, Japan, and Germany, there is a broad market for using numerical control technology to transform machine tools and production lines, and a new industry for numerical control transformation of machine tools and production lines has emerged.
Contents of numerical control transformation:
The main contents of numerical control transformation of machine tools and production lines include the following:
(1) Restoring the original function, diagnosing and restoring the faulty parts of the machine tool and production line;
(2) "NC" refers to adding digital display devices or numerical control systems to ordinary machine tools to transform them into NC machine tools and CNC machine tools;
(3) Renovation refers to the renovation of mechanical and electrical parts to improve accuracy, efficiency, and automation, and the reassembly and processing of mechanical parts to restore the original accuracy; Update CNC systems that do not meet production requirements with CNC;
(4) It refers to technological updating or innovation. In order to improve performance or level, or to use new processes and technologies, large-scale technological updating or innovation is carried out on the basis of the original, significantly improving the level and level of upgrading and transformation.
(5) Advantages and disadvantages of numerical control transformation:
1. Reduce investment and short delivery time.
2. Compared with the purchase of new machine tools, it can generally save 60% to 80% of the cost, and the transformation cost is low. Especially for large and special machine tools.
3. Generally, the transformation of large machine tools only costs 1/3 of the purchase cost of new machine tools, and the delivery time is short. However, in some special cases, such as the production and installation of high-speed spindles and automatic tray exchange devices, which are too time-consuming and expensive, the cost of transformation often increases by 2-3 times, which can only save about 50% of the investment compared to purchasing new machine tools.
4. Stable and reliable mechanical performance, limited structure
The basic components used, such as the bed and column, are heavy and solid casting components, rather than welded components. The modified machine tool has high performance and good quality, and can continue to be used as new equipment for many years.
5. However, due to the limitations of the original mechanical structure, it is not suitable to make a breakthrough transformation. Familiarize yourself with the equipment and facilitate operation and maintenance. When purchasing new equipment, you do not understand the new equipment.

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The centerless grinder has the function of automatic trimming and compensation

Centerless grinding machines are a type of grinding machines that do not require the use of the axis of the workpiece for grinding. "It is composed of three mechanisms: a grinding wheel, an adjustment wheel, and a workpiece holder. The grinding wheel actually performs the grinding task. The adjustment wheel controls the rotation of the workpiece and causes the workpiece to have a feed speed. As for the workpiece holder, which supports the workpiece during grinding, there can be several ways to cooperate with these three mechanisms, except for stopping grinding, which is the same in principle.". Centerless grinding machines can automatically trim and compensate. The guide wheel feed guide rail is a dual V-shaped needle roller guide wheel fed by a servo motor that can compensate for grinding wheel dressing. The machine tool is equipped with an automatic loading and unloading mechanism, which can perform automatic circular grinding. The development of centerless grinding machines has gone through the process of completely relying on system suppliers to initially having general development capabilities. However, the application of CNC systems is still in the stage of improving the performance of mechanical transmission chains, replacing mechanical handwheels, and simple processing cycles. Compared with advanced levels, centerless grinding machines still have many gaps, and there is a lot to improve in terms of machine tool accuracy, automation functions, processing efficiency, and reliability of centerless grinding machines Breakthrough issues need to be resolved. Summarize the various structures and use processes of various products currently produced, analyze their advantages and disadvantages, explore what automatic functions the product should achieve, and have a plan for its gradual development to facilitate learning and work; Attaching importance to the development of CNC software, centerless grinders have the conditions to introduce technology or learn from overseas, to keep up with the development trend. In terms of hardware, combined with market needs, centerless grinders will apply new technologies and new functions one by one in product manufacturing, in order to narrow the gap with advanced levels. In the centerless grinding machine industry, to promote industrial progress. The formulation of new standards and the revision of old standards lag far behind the development of the industry. Due to changes in government agencies, industry standards have not been addressed. Given the very backward standards, it seems impractical for mindless grinders to propose creating international brands. To create an international brand of centerless grinding machines, domestic standardization work must take the lead. To further establish contacts with international standardization organizations and establish cooperative relationships based on communication, thereby improving the international competitiveness of China's product standards, creating an international brand has the foundation.

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Reasons and Solutions for Inaccurate Feed of Centerless Grinder

The general operating method is to come back three laps during the feed and then enter three laps to remove errors caused by gaps. If it is still inaccurate, we need to perform other operations. Have a brief understanding of how to handle this matter. 1. Check to see if the screw brake handwheel is locked. If you are not sure about it, the two pins of the brake handwheel tap against the screw rod have fallen off. Grasp the screw brake handwheel tap and check for reinstallation. If the feed of the lower slider is not accurate, check whether the left or right side of the object rack has touched the falling workpiece. This problem sometimes occurs and needs to be checked. 2. For centerless grinding machine types, because the tool is fed from the lower right corner, check whether the set screw of the feed handwheel and the anti retraction screw on the feed screw are loose or the gap is too large. Rolling back and forth feels like the gap between the handwheels is too large, or if the handwheel is too tight when rotating. 3. Slightly adjusting the offset or looseness of the feed housing downward will cause the sliding conflict to cause excessive clearance between the helical gear and the adjustment screw. Or tightening the nut will make the rotation inflexible. Generally, loose nuts can also lead to inaccurate feed. 4. Both the handwheel fine adjustment and the screw rod differential disc drive screws have fixed screws, and it is also necessary to ensure that there are no looseness, fine adjustment screws, and the edge bearing of the screws to ensure that there is no wear or excessive clearance. For slightly worn parts, they can be properly tightened, and severely worn parts need to be replaced in a timely manner. Matching high-quality parts as much as possible can improve the feed accuracy of the grinding machine and reduce the maintenance rate of the machine.

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Precautions for Centerless Grinder Operation

A grinding machine that uses a centerless grinding method to grind the rotating surface of a workpiece is commonly referred to as a centerless cylindrical grinding machine. On a centerless cylindrical grinding machine, the workpiece is not centered and supported by the center, but is placed between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel and supported by the tray and guide wheel. ‎ The grinding wheel is generally installed at the end of the spindle, and the grinding wheel with a width greater than 250mm is installed in the middle of the spindle. The width of the grinding wheel can reach 900mm. The grinding wheel rotates at a high speed for grinding, and the guide wheel rotates at a slower speed in the same direction, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate for circular feed. ‎ During grinding, axial feed is achieved by adjusting the slight inclination of the guide wheel shaft, which is suitable for grinding elongated cylindrical workpiece, short shaft without central hole, and sleeve type workpiece. In the process of plunge grinding, radial feed is achieved through the movement of a guide wheel frame or grinding wheel frame. It is suitable for grinding workpieces with shoulders or bosses, as well as cones, spheres, or other workpieces with curved curves. ‎ Centerless grinding machines have high productivity and are easy to automate with the addition of various handling devices. Most of them are used for mass production and can be operated by unskilled workers. The grinding accuracy of centerless grinding machines is generally 2 microns for roundness and 4 microns for dimensional accuracy. High precision centerless grinding machines can reach 0.5 microns and 2 microns respectively. In addition, there are centerless internal grinding machines and centerless thread grinding machines. ‎ Centerless grinder can automatically trim and compensate. The guide wheel feed guide rail is a dual V-shaped needle roller guide wheel supplied by a servo motor and can be mutually compensated by grinding wheel trimming. The machine tool is equipped with an automatic loading and unloading mechanism for automatic circular grinding. ‎

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